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Institutional reforms of monetary policy in Azerbaijan
Guliyev, Farid
Bachelor thesis engages in the institutional reforms of monetary policy in Azerbaijan. The aim of this paper is to describe the institutional reform of the monetary policy of the country and to assess the economic impact of these reforms. Thesis is focused on outstanding situation in country economy and monetary institution building after collapse of the United Socialist Soviet Republics. Author studies transition period of economy from central planned system to free market system, building of monetary authority, independence of central bank and monetary policy performance. In practical part author evaluates the changes in institutional reforms of monetary policy for three different periods of time. The institutional reforms of monetary policy were evaluated by effect on main economic indicators. Based on the data, it is possible to say that reforms had a positive impact on first two analysed periods, however recent reforms did not have expected positive influence.
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Vplyv ľudského kapitálu na príjmovu nerovnosť v krajinách EU
Martiček, Matúš
The author of this thesis examined the impact of explanatory variables related to the value of human capital on the level of distribution of income in the countries of Europe divided into developed and transitional economies, by way of a regression analysis of panel data. The model has been enriched by other variables that also have impact on the level of income inequality on the basis of the literature review and they also help to understand the issue more closely. The indi-vidual groups of countries were compared, on the basis of the results of the models and on the basis of the coefficients of the individual explanatory variables. The author identified the differences and he pointed out the possible causes of the direction of action for both types of economies. The author also found out that individual economies differ amongst themselves in tertiary education, urbanization and ageing of the population to the level of income inequality. The author deduced appropriate economical recommendations.
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Foreign bank participation in transition economies: the effects on access to credit
Krafková, Anna ; Geršl, Adam (advisor) ; Marková, Katarína (referee)
The thesis discusses the topic of foreign bank participation in transition economies. First part presents theoretical considerations about foreign bank entry and their empirical support. The main focus is then on the empirical investigation of the possible relation between the degree of foreign bank participation and the availability of credit across transition countries. Combining responses from a survey of firms operating in 38 transition economies with data on the degree of foreign bank participation, we derived some interesting conclusions. The analysis suggests that conditions for obtaining credit seem to be better in economies having higher share of foreign banks within countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The opposite conclusion was derived for countries of Commonwealth of Independent States; there economies with higher foreign presence tend to perceive conditions of financing as more problematic. Moreover, it was shown that enterprise size, its ownership and sector within which operates also matter when drawing conclusions on the effects on foreign bank on the availability of credit. Additionally, we identified that the share of state-owned banks and the effectiveness of domestic banking sector are other determinants of credit accessibility.
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Mutual link between the monetary and exchange rate policy and economic development on the example of Romania and Bulgaria
Mleziva, Daniel ; Brůna, Karel (advisor) ; Obešlo, František (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the possible link between the monetary and exchange rate policy and economic development. The first part presents basic theoretical aspects of monetary and exchange rate policies which are then applied to the case of two selected countries, namely Romania and Bulgaria. The practical part analyses the evolution of monetary and exchange rate policies in both countries and also follows the development of both economies with the help of several indicators. The objective of the thesis is to describe a possible dependence of the economy's evolution on monetary policy regime using the evaluation and comparison of collected data.
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Models Predicting Financial Distress with an Emphasis on Transition Economies
Čámská, Dagmar ; Scholleová, Hana (advisor) ; Neumaierová, Inka (referee) ; Majdúchová, Helena (referee)
The basic aim of this dissertation is to evaluate the predictive ability and accuracy of the existing and until now created corporate models predicting financial distress and verification of multinational force models. Partial goals must be filled to meet the basic objective and therefore the theoretical part is especially mapping models used and developed in the Czech Republic and other European economies, of which the emphasis is primarily on the former transition economies. These now post-transition economies have passed a similar political and economic development as the Czech Republic, and therefore prediction models created and used there could be transferable to the environment of the Czech economy and Czech companies whose financial health and conditions are assessed. The practical part is based on the author's own research, which is dedicated to the evaluation of prediction models when applied to Czech business entities differentiated according to belonging to a particular industry branch. During the models' evaluation the emphasis is on the fact whether they are national (Czech) or foreign models.
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Vývoj mzdových rozdílů mezi muži a ženami v tranzitivních ekonomikách
Brychtová, Lenka
This thesis deals with the changes in gender wage differences in transition economies. The aim is to assess the effect of changes economic system on gender wage differences in seven countries of Central and Eastern Europe, which have undergone a change of economic system at the turn of the 80s and 90s of the 20th century. Four Western European countries are used as a control group. The data used in this thesis are ISSP data, which are part of the International Social Survey Programme. The research is based on calculations of hourly wage rates of men and women in each country. Other parts of the thesis are wage regressions to assess differences in pay between men and women.The analyzes suggest that the change of the economic system in the transition countries don't have a major impact on reducing the wage gap between men and women.
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Institucionální a politické prostředí a přímé zahraniční investice v tranzitivních ekonomikách
Mádr, Michal
The main aim of the diploma thesis is to identify and quantify influence of institu-tional and political environment on inflows of foreign direct investment in transi-tion economies. The reference period is primarily between 2002 and 2012. The basic indicator of the institutional environment is the concept Governance Matters of World Bank. Regression and correlation analysis is used for quantifica-tion. Results of regression models for transition countries, due to the increasing empirical evidence supporting and generalization of conclusions, are compared with the results for Middle Income Countries. The discussion is divided into three parts. First the differences in influence of institutional environment on inflows of FDI in transition economies and OECD countries are analysed, then differences between the groups of post-socialist countries are evaluated and the third part is focused on importance of democratic and authoritarian regimes in the Balkans states and the former Soviet republics.
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Vliv path dependence na ekonomický růst v tranzitivních ekonomikách
Gabrielová, Ludmila
This thesis deals with informal institutions and the phenomenon of path dependence ant its impact on economic performance. The aim is to evaluate the effect of path dependence on economic growth in transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe.The theoretical part provides a survey focused on formal and informal institutions, path dependence and the relationship between institutional framework of economies and economic performance. The second part contains socio-economic characteristics of CEE economies which include formal institutions and cross-country analysis with the inclusion of institutional variables conceptualizing informal institutions. The final part evaluates the influence of path dependence in countries of CEE.
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Structural Reforms and Economic Growth: A Meta-Analysis
Babecký, Jan ; Havránek, Tomáš
This paper evaluates the impact of structural reforms, mainly liberalization and privatiza- tion, on economic growth. To provide stylized facts on how such reforms worked in the past, we quantitatively review 60 studies that estimate the relation between reforms and growth empirically. These studies examine structural reforms carried out in 26 transition and post-transition countries around the world. Our results show that a typical reform caused costs in the short run, but had strong positive effects on long-run growth. Reforms focused on external liberalization proved to be more beneficial than other types of reform in both the short and long run. The findings hold even after correction for publication bias and misspecifications present in some primary studies
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Comparison of Currency Board and Crawling Peg exchange rate arrangements in transition economies
Štolc, Michal ; Brůna, Karel (advisor) ; Čermáková, Daniela (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses the issue of adopting appropriate exchange rate arrangement in transition economies of Eastern Europe during the 90's of 20th century. It more closely focuses on two of those arrangements, Currency Board and Crawling Peg. In the theoretical part, it describes the division of exchange rate regimes, problems of transition economies and specific features of Currency Board and Crawling Peg regimes. In the following analytical part, it compares the effects of adoption of one of these exchange rate regimes in Estonia, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Poland and Hungary.
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